đ L’expression du futur en anglais
| Structure | Formation | Emploi principal | Exemple |
|---|---|---|---|
| will + BV | sujet + will + BV (nĂ©gatif : won’t) | RĂ©fĂ©rence simple Ă l’avenir, dĂ©cision spontanĂ©e | He will come. / I won’t help you. |
| shall + BV | 1re pers. (I/we) + shall + BV | Commandement, volonté forte, promesse, suggestion | Shall we go? / You shall not lie. |
| be going to + BV | sujet + am/is/are going to + BV | Intention dĂ©cidĂ©e, prĂ©diction basĂ©e sur des indices prĂ©sents | I am going to study tonight. / Look at those clouds â it’s going to rain. |
| Présent simple | conjugaison normale | Programme fixe (horaires, timetables) | The train leaves at 8pm. |
| Présent be-ing | sujet + be + BV + -ing | Arrangement futur déjà prévu | I am meeting John tomorrow. |
| will be + -ing | sujet + will be + BV + -ing | Projection dans le futur (action en cours Ă un moment futur) | This time next week, I’ll be running a marathon. |
| will have + PP | sujet + will have + PP | Futur antérieur (action accomplie avant un moment futur) | By 5pm, I will have finished. |
đ Will vs Going to â distinction clĂ©
| will | going to |
|---|---|
| DĂ©cision prise au moment de parler : I’ll open the window. | DĂ©cision dĂ©jĂ prise : I’m going to open the window later. |
| PrĂ©diction/opinion personnelle : I think it will rain. | PrĂ©diction basĂ©e sur indices prĂ©sents : Look at those clouds, it’s going to rain. |
| Futur dans le passĂ© (would) : I knew he would say that. | â |
đ Shall â emplois dĂ©taillĂ©s
âą Commandement : You shall not kill.
⹠Volonté forte/promesse : I shall find the solution.
âą Suggestion (question) : Shall we go to the beach?
â ïž shall = 1re pers. (I/we) ou 2e pers. (commandement)