đ La forme passive en anglais
đ Formation gĂ©nĂ©rale
Structure : sujet + be (conjugué) + participe passé
Utilisable Ă tous les temps, toutes les formes, avec modaux :
| Temps | Formation passive | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Présent simple | am/is/are + PP | English is spoken here. |
| Prétérit simple | was/were + PP | I was given a book. |
| Present perfect | has/have been + PP | It has been decided. |
| Futur | will be + PP | The cat will be named Joe. |
| Conditionnel | would be + PP | It would be accepted. |
| Modal | modal + be + PP | This must be done. |
| Progressif | is being + PP | The book is being written. |
| Past perfect | had been + PP | The cat had been named Joe. |
đ ComplĂ©ment d’agent
Structure : passif + by + agent :
Romeo and Juliet was written by William Shakespeare.
L’agent est absent quand il est : inconnu / sans importance / Ă©vident / volontairement tu.
Traduction courante par le pronom français « on » : You were told to stop. â On t’a dit d’arrĂȘter.
đ Verbes prĂ©positionnels au passif
La préposition reste aprÚs le participe passé :
Jana is looked for by the police. / He is listened to.
đ Verbes d’opinion/croyance au passif
PP + to + BV :
She is known to be very beautiful. / He is thought to have killed his cat.
đ Pourquoi utiliser le passif ?
âą Mettre en valeur l’objet de l’action (le place en position sujet).
âą Taire l’identitĂ© de l’agent (style administratif, journalistique).
âą Registre soutenu ou Ă©crit formel.
âą Agent inconnu ou sans importance.