📘 Les subordonnées en anglais
📐 Pronoms relatifs
| Pronom | Antécédent | Fonction | Exemple |
|---|---|---|---|
| who | humain | sujet ou complément | the man who won / the man who I love |
| whom | humain | complément (soutenu) | the man whom I love |
| which | non humain | sujet ou complément | the boat which was built / the boat which I bought |
| that | humain ou non humain | sujet ou complément | peut remplacer who/whom/which |
| whose | humain ou non humain | possession | My uncle, whose father… |
That obligatoire après : superlatif, all, anything, everything, nothing, only :
the most expensive bag that I have ever bought / Tell me all that you know.
Omission du pronom relatif : possible (et courant) si le pronom est complément :
I have seen the man ∅ I love.
⚠️ Si le pronom est sujet → obligatoire !
« Dont » → traductions :
| Sens de « dont » | Traduction anglaise | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Possession / caractéristique | whose | flat whose owner lives in Australia |
| COI (parler de, rêver de…) | ∅ + préposition finale | the book ∅ you told me about |
| Quantité (humain) | of whom | 50 employees, thirty of whom are women |
| Quantité (non humain) | of which | 500 books, two hundred of which are in English |
📐 Subordonnées circonstancielles
| Type | Conjonctions | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Temps | when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, until, once | As soon as I arrive, I’ll call you. |
| Cause | because, since, as, for | Since it was raining, we stayed in. |
| Conséquence | so… that, such… that, therefore | He was so tired that he fell asleep. |
| But | so that, in order to | He studies hard so that he can pass. |
| Concession | although, even though, though, even if | Although it was cold, we went out. |
| Condition | if, unless, provided that, as long as | Unless you hurry, you’ll be late. |