📘 Le present perfect simple et le present perfect be-ing
📐 I. Formation
PP simple : have/has + participe passé : I have seen / She has gone / They have eaten.
Négatif : haven’t / hasn’t + pp. Interrogatif : Have/Has + sujet + pp?
PP be-ing : have/has been + BV + -ing : I have been working / She has been sleeping.
📐 II. Emplois du present perfect simple
| Expression | Sens | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| just | venir de | I have just finished. |
| already | déjà | She has already left. |
| never / ever | jamais / déjà (question) | Have you ever tried sushi? |
| yet | pas encore / déjà? | I haven’t finished yet. |
| for + durée | depuis (durée) | I’ve lived here for 3 years. |
| since + date | depuis (date) | She’s been ill since Monday. |
| It’s the first time | c’est la première fois | It’s the first time I’ve seen this. |
PP be-ing : durée / résultat visible : I’ve been working all day.
💡 À retenir
• PP = have/has + participe passé.
• just (venir de) / already (déjà) / never / ever / yet.
• PP ≠ prétérit : PP = lien avec le présent.